Shannon limit on power efficiency – demystified

The Shannon power efficiency limit is the limit of a band-limited system irrespective of modulation or coding scheme. It informs us the minimum required energy per bit required at the transmitter for reliable communication. It is also called unconstrained Shannon power efficiency Limit. If we select a particular modulation scheme or an encoding scheme, we … Read more

Wireless Communication Systems in Matlab

Author: Mathuranathan ViswanathanEditor (with publishing rights): Varsha SrinivasanFormats : eBook and PaperbackPaperback: 384 pagesPublisher: Independently published (June 2020)Language: EnglishISBN: 979-8648350779 (paperback color print)ISBN: 979-8648523210 (paperback black & white print)Paperback Dimensions: 17.78 x 2.21 x 25.4 cm Note: Only PDF version is available for purchase from this website. Paperback Print edition is available only from Amazon. … Read more

Convolution: understand the mathematics

Convolution operation is ubiquitous in signal processing applications. The mathematics of convolution is strongly rooted in operation on polynomials. The intent of this text is to enhance the understanding on mathematical details of convolution. Polynomial functions: Polynomial functions are expressions consisting of sum of terms, where each term includes one or more variables raised to … Read more

Symbol Timing Recovery for QPSK (digital modulations)

The goal of timing recovery is to estimate and correct the sampling instants and phase at the receiver, such that it allows the receiver to decode the transmitted symbols reliably. What is Symbol timing Recovery : When transmitting data across a communication system, three things are important: frequency of transmission, phase information and the symbol … Read more

Tips & Tricks : Indexing in Matlab

Let’s review indexing techniques in Matlab: Indexing one dimensional array, two dimensional array, logical indexing, reversiong a vector – are covered. Consider a sample vector in Matlab. Index with single value Index with range of values Select a range of elements using ‘:’ operator. Example: Select elements with index ranging from 1 to 5. Making … Read more

Top books on basics of Communication Systems

A review of top books on basics of communication systems is given here. The list given is neither comprehensive nor listed based on any ranking. If you feel we have missed out any of your favorite books, please post them in the comment box below. Communication Systems – Simon Haykins The standard text book recommended … Read more

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Legal Notices: The GaussianWaves.com web site (the “web site”) is provided by GaussianWaves.com as a public service to our users. Please carefully review the following basic rules that govern your use of the web site. Please note that your use of the web site constitutes your unconditional agreement to follow and be bound by these … Read more

Maximum Likelihood estimation

Keywords: maximum likelihood estimation, statistical method, probability distribution, MLE, models, practical applications, finance, economics, natural sciences. Introduction Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) is a statistical method used to estimate the parameters of a probability distribution by finding the set of values that maximize the likelihood function of the observed data. In other words, MLE is a … Read more

Maximum Likelihood Decoding

Keywords: maximum likelihood decoding, digital communication, data storage, noise, interference, wireless communication systems, optical communication systems, digital storage systems, probability, likelihood estimation, python Introduction Maximum likelihood decoding is a technique used to determine the most likely transmitted message in a digital communication system, based on the received signal and statistical models of noise and interference. … Read more