Log-distance path loss (log-normal shadowing) — model, PLE, and formula
Log-distance / log-normal shadowing path loss: formula beyond Friis, path-loss exponent by environment, shadowing χ, and how it extends free-space models.
Channel Modelling
Friis free-space path loss — formula, assumptions, and dB form
Friis transmission equation and free-space path loss: $latex (4\pi d/\lambda)^2$, dB form, assumptions, and when to move to log-distance or two-ray models.
Clarke’s Rayleigh fading model — sum-of-sinusoids simulation
Fading & Diversity — 6 lessons (same on every page in this path) 1. Rayleigh BER → 2. Clarke’s model (you are here) → 3. Young’s model → 4. SIMO models → 5. Selection combining → 6. MRC Tools: BER vs Eb/N0 · 3GPP TDL · CDL / Doppler Lesson 2 of 6. You saw … Read more
Young’s model for Rayleigh fading — filtered Gaussian discrete-time simulation
Fading & Diversity — 6 lessons (same on every page in this path) 1. Rayleigh BER → 2. Clarke’s model → 3. Young’s model (you are here) → 4. SIMO models → 5. Selection combining → 6. MRC Tools: BER vs Eb/N0 · 3GPP TDL · CDL / Doppler Lesson 3 of 6. Another standard … Read more