Shannon limit on power efficiency – demystified

The Shannon power efficiency limit is the limit of a band-limited system irrespective of modulation or coding scheme. It informs us the minimum required energy per bit required at the transmitter for reliable communication. It is also called unconstrained Shannon power efficiency Limit. If we select a particular modulation scheme or an encoding scheme, we … Read more

MIMO System Capacity: Unlocking Blazing-Fast Wireless Speeds

MIMO — Capacity path 1. Intro → 2. Channel model → 3. SISO capacity → 4. Ergodic SISO → 5. MIMO capacity Tools: Shannon calculator Introduction Extend the scalar ergodic average to a matrix channel. With receiver CSI and equal power across transmit antennas, ergodic MIMO capacity is the expectation of a log-determinant—the expression Telatar … Read more

Understanding Ergodic Capacity: Testing Your Wireless Speed Calculator

MIMO — Capacity path 1. Intro → 2. Channel model → 3. SISO capacity → 4. Ergodic SISO → 5. MIMO capacity Tools: Shannon calculator Introduction We already met ergodic capacity as an expectation. Now treat it as something you compute: how do you estimate it stably, and is there a closed form to check … Read more

Capacity of SISO system over a fading channel

MIMO — Capacity path 1. Intro → 2. Channel model → 3. SISO capacity → 4. Ergodic SISO → 5. MIMO capacity Tools: Shannon calculator Introduction Shannon’s formula \(C=\log_2(1+\mathrm{SNR})\) shows up in every communications course. On a fading channel the SNR itself is random, so capacity becomes a random variable. What does that mean in … Read more

Shannon channel capacity demystified — AWGN formula, SNR, and the −1.6 dB limit

Information theory path: BPSK AWGN → Shannon capacity → Shannon power-efficiency limit → Capacity calculator In one sentence: Shannon capacity is the highest rate (bits per channel use, or bits per second for a continuous-time bandlimited AWGN channel) at which information can be sent with arbitrarily small error probability.  Shannon theorem dictates the maximum … Read more